Electronic Thai Pad

Created by [Armaan Gomes] • Started on June 09, 2025

A Muay Thai Pad that uses a set of sensors to detect and respond to the strength of the hits.

June 9th

Planning:

  • Needs to register hits

    • First Idea: IMU - Already have some Adafruit nrf 52840 sense boards (https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-feather-sense/overview) that would be great
    • Other Ideas:
      • Piezo sensors - plan to hook up 4/5 to the ADCs of the nrf board for more detailed pressure/strike detection - Note: might need some voltage protection
      • FSR (Force Sensistive Resistors - A friend used these in one of their projects, but reportedly they aren't very precise, so probably won't use them.
  • Signalling

    • LED strip around pad, neopixels embedded within pad below the fabric surface,
    • Can use bluetooth for web interface
    • First prototype will probably use serial while initial testing
    • Power
      • The nrf sense board already have a battery hookup and charger for lipo batteries
  • Probably won't need a PCB just because the nrf sense boards already work so well.

Programming:

  • Found boards, updated bootloader
  • Tried out the adafruit sensor demo
    • Took way to long to get the correct libaries installed
    • image
    • Need to note that the acceleration also includes gravity when stationary so I may need to offset that later
  • After that, tired out neopixel demo, needed to find correct neopixel configuration to use the onboard pin
  • Combined the two to make a system that reflects both the direction and magnitude of the acceleration on the IMu built into the board
    • Forgot to accout for negatives, which confused me for a bit
    • Squaring the values caused it to become too sensitive and also flashbang me,
    • Settled on less sensitive brightness and color control, with offsets to account for stationary moments.
      • Stationary:
        • Dim and single color
        • image
      • Accelerating:
        • Much brighter and between primary colors
        • image

Pad Acquisition:

  • I talked to my taekwondo instructor and he gave me 4 old pads to experiment with
    • image ## Initial Testing
  • Shoved the sense board (feather) into the pad
    • Kinda messy for a first test but if it work it works. Note will need padding to protect board from impact
    • image
  • Did a tad more coding, intially to use the serial plotter, but that sucks so I got a serial decoder in python and am using that for testing
  • It works - But now I appear to be maxing out the sensor:
    • Despite hitting with different power, the accel always seems to be suspiciously similar
    • image
    • Read the data sheet and it looks like the imu is set to +-4G of acceleration so I need to find a way around that.
    • Ok I found a way to increase the accel range to 16g, which is the max. SAadly, I'm still maxing it on some punches, maybe i should try some padding
      • image
  • Padding in front of the sensor did not work, I think i need some sort of springy substance both infront and behind the sensor to act as mechanical dampers.

Cadding

  • I made a rough case that has a space for a sliding platform with springs to dampen impact.
  • However, i am currently failing at both making a screw and making a spring I am using the sweep tool wrong somehow and will figure it out later
  • image

1h planning (probably a little more than this)+1h coding + 0.5h Pad Acquisition+ 2h initial testing + 1 h CADding

Time Spent: 5.5h

June 10th

Cad Pain

  • I really need to learn CAD for real.
  • I got a spring set up in possible the most awful way posible
  • Then for somethin reason I thought I could print this in 1 piece without supports
    • image
    • I also failed at screws again so I settled for dowels
    • I am also suspecting that I will need a high-G IMU like https://blog.st.com/lsm6dsv320x/
      • Its also smd so I have no shot of soldering that myself, so I'll probably need the expansion board
  • Slice and printed for testing
    • image

1h Cadding + 0.5h Research/Parts Search

Time Spent: 1.5h

June 12th

Assembly

  • Not too deep, everything generally fits. The dowels didn't print very well but thats fine.
    • image
    • image

Wiring Diagram

Time Spent: 0.5h

June 20th

Wiring Diagram

  • Made the wiring diagram, looked through datasheets and connected everything correctly
  • Plan to directly solder to microcontroller due to the large distance from the micrcontroller to the peripherals
    • May use a perf board if the wiring becomes too hairy.

Case

  • Minor tweaks, added stl files to repo, plan to print in TPU

Time Spent: 1h