Designing your own projects
Designing your own projects is really, really hard. Here's my best explainer at what the process sort of looks like, but every person's process is different! You'll have to figure a lot of this stuff out on your own.
Overview
You can split this entire process up into approximately 4-5 different steps, depending on what the project is.
During this entire process you're going to have to do a LOT of research on sourcing parts and what the pros and cons of getting each would be. During this time, PLEASE check out the Part Sourcing guide to get a better idea of the options
1. Vision, ideas, and outline
This is the first step of the process! During this time, you should figure out what you want your project should be, the constraints, and specific features you want.
1.1. Electrical component selection & sourcing
Next up is to pick the components for that
Try to avoid getting hung up passives. If there's multiple parts that are the same functionality
For actual sourcing & finding links, please refer to the Part Sourcing guide
2. CAD
4. PCB
5. Firmware
Closing words
Keep in mind that almost every step above will be connected with each other. That means edits in #5 will mean you have to change #2, which might change #4, and then #2, etc. Hardware projects are hard. There's a lot of iteration involved. Good luck!